sedimentary
Yellow Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Yellow to mustard-brown; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline/Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Yellow to mustard-brown
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Yellow to mustard-brown; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline/Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91.
Formation & geological history
Usually formed when silica-rich fluids permeate through volcanic ash or sedimentary rocks, often occurring in hydrothermal veins or as nodules in volcanic rocks from various geological ages.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone for jewelry, cabochons, and beads. Also used in ornamental carvings, as a healing crystal in metaphysical circles, and for decorative masonry.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The yellow color is typically caused by the presence of goethite or limonite. Historically, it has been referred to as a 'protective stone' by various cultures.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque nature (unlike translucent agate), conchoidal fracture, and extreme hardness—it cannot be scratched by a steel knife. Common in the western USA, India, and Madagascar.
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