igneous
Granite
Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-red, grey, and black; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Pinkish-red, grey, and black
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-red, grey, and black; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a major component of the continental crust, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years (Precambrian to Phanerozoic).
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's surface. It is one of the hardest natural stones, making it extremely durable for architecture and sculpture.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' or multicrystalline texture and presence of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Found abundantly in mountain ranges and shields. Collectors look for large crystals or unique color variations.
