sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: light gray to tan; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal structure: granular/clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: light gray to tan
Luster: dull/earthy

Identified April 1, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: light gray to tan; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal structure: granular/clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically formed in river beds, deserts, or coastal environments through lithification over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction as a building stone, in the glass industry as a source of silica, and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous formations include the Antelope Canyon in Arizona and the red cliffs of Petra in Jordan.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its characteristic 'sandpaper' feel. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and along ancient shorelines. Collectors should look for unique layering or cross-bedding features.