sedimentary
Sandstone (likely Arkose or Lithic)
Clastic sedimentary rock (SiO2 + impurities)
Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains), variable for the rock itself; Color: Tan, brown, ochre; Luster: Dull, earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (individual grains), variable for the rock itself
- Color
- Tan, brown, ochre
- Luster
- Dull, earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains), variable for the rock itself; Color: Tan, brown, ochre; Luster: Dull, earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, cemented together by pressure and minerals like silica or calcite. Common in river beds, deserts, and coastal environments.
Uses & applications
Used in construction as a building stone, in road base, for making glass (if high quartz), and as an abrasive.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for roughly 20 to 25 percent of all sedimentary rocks in the earth's crust. It is a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Found globally in basins and sedimentary outcrops.
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