sedimentary

Jasper (Red Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Hardness: 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Deep red to earthy reddish-brown due to iron inclusions. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline. Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.91.

Hardness: 6
Color: Deep red to earthy reddish-brown due to iron inclusions
Luster: Dull to vitreous

Identified March 8, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation of silica-rich fluids in volcanic ash or sedimentary deposits. The red color is the result of hematite (iron oxide) impurities during high-pressure crystallization over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in lapidary arts for cabochons, beads, and decorative carvings. Industrially used as an abrasive in some contexts and historically for tool making due to its hardness.

Geological facts

Red Jasper has been known as the 'stone of endurance' in ancient cultures. It was used in the breastplate of the high priest in biblical times and was frequently used by Viking and Germanic tribes for sword hilt inlay to provide courage.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its opaque nature (it does not transmit light even at the edges), its deep red color, and its ability to scratch glass. Found globally, with significant deposits in India, Brazil, Madagascar, and the Southwestern USA.