sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, yellow; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brown, yellow
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, yellow; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (usually quartz). Common in desert, river, and marine environments.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, architectural carvings, grinding wheels, and as a reservoir rock for oil and water.
Geological facts
Sandstone has been a primary building material since ancient times, used in structures like the Treasury at Petra and the Red Fort in India.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sand-like texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layers or bedding. Found globally in basins and mountainous regions.
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