sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite (Fe2O3) impurities
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red with a grey-green quartz vein; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish-red with a grey-green quartz vein
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red with a grey-green quartz vein; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica from hydrothermal solutions or volcanic ash in sedimentary environments. The red pigmentation is caused by the inclusion of iron oxide (hematite) during the lithification process. Its age can range from Precambrian to recent.
Uses & applications
Commonly used for lapidary work including tumbled stones, cabochons for jewelry, decorative carvings, and as a healing stone in metaphysical practices. Historically used for making tools and seals.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The name 'jasper' is derived from the Greek 'iaspis', meaning spotted stone. It was once a favorite gem in the ancient world, mentioned in biblical texts and used widely in Minoan Crete.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opacity (unlike translucent carnelian), its high hardness (it will scratch glass), and its lack of cleavage. Often found in riverbeds or coastal areas in the Western United States, Brazil, and South Africa.
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