sedimentary
Sandstone (with Iron Staining)
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily Quartz with Limonite/Goethite staining)
Hardness: 6-7 (Quartz grains) but aggregate may crumble; Color: Tan, brown, ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; SG: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Quartz grains) but aggregate may crumble
- Color
- Tan, brown, ochre
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Quartz grains) but aggregate may crumble; Color: Tan, brown, ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; SG: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years, often in desert, river, or ocean environments. This specimen shows significant iron oxide staining from groundwater interaction.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, in paving, as a source for glass sand, and in grindstones.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous 'Wave' formation in Arizona is a prime example of wind-sculpted sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible grain structure. Look for bedding planes or layers. It is found globally in sedimentary basins.
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