sedimentary
Sandstone (likely Quartzose)
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (depends on cementation); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (depends on cementation)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (depends on cementation); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in river beds, deserts, or marine environments. It represents geological ages ranging from the Precambrian to recent periods.
Uses & applications
Used widely as a construction material (dimension stone), in glass manufacturing (if high silica), and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous 'Antelope Canyon' in Arizona was carved out of sandstone by flash flooding.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Found globally in basins and coastal regions. For collectors, look for unique banding or fossils within the matrix.
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