sedimentary

Jasper (specifically Yellow or Picture Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Mustard yellow, tan, and earthy brown; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (Microcrystalline); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Mustard yellow, tan, and earthy brown
Luster: Dull to vitreous

Identified March 23, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica from groundwater or volcanic ash into sedimentary beds. Over time, the silica hardens into chalcedony, with impurities like iron oxides creating the distinct yellow and brown banding/patterns shown in the specimen.

Uses & applications

Primary use in lapidary work for making cabochons, beads, and decorative carvings. It is also a popular collector's stone and used in metaphysical jewelry.

Geological facts

Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The name 'Jasper' is derived from the Greek word 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone.' Many 'Picture Jaspers' are valued for their resemblance to landscape paintings or desert scenes.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its smooth, waxy feel when wet, its inability to be scratched by a steel knife, and its opaque nature (light will not pass through it). Common in the Pacific Northwest (USA), India, and Madagascar.

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