igneous

Granite

Phaneritic plutonic rock (Quartz, Feldspar, Mica)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Grey, white, pink, and black salt-and-pepper look; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.63–2.75

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Grey, white, pink, and black salt-and-pepper look
Luster: Dull to vitreous

Identified May 22, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface (plutonic). Found in continental crust, often in the cores of mountain ranges.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction for countertops, floor tiles, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.

Geological facts

Granite makes up a large part of the Earth's continental crust. Because it is so hard and durable, it has been used by civilizations for millennia, including the Ancient Egyptians for statues and pyramids.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its interlocking crystalline texture where grains are visible to the naked eye. Look for a mix of clear/white quartz, opaque feldspar, and dark biotite or hornblende grains. Common in mountainous regions and glacial deposits.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous

Magnetite

Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)

mineral

Blue Apatite

Apatite (Group), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

mineral

Sodalite

Sodalite - Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2

mineral

Magnetite

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

mineral