sedimentary
Sandstone (Iron-stained)
Arenite (primarily Quartz, SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, and yellow-orange due to limonite/hematite staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, and yellow-orange due to limonite/hematite staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years in environments such as deserts, river beds, or beaches.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction for building stone, paving, and decorative garden features. High-quality quartz sandstone is used for glass manufacturing.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for roughly 20 to 25 percent of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The spectacular arches in Arches National Park are primarily composed of sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible layering (bedding). It is found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for unique erosion patterns or fossil inclusions.
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