sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions
Hardness: 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Brick red to deep terracotta. Luster: Dull to vitreous or waxy. Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (cryptocrystalline). Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.91.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to deep terracotta
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous or waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Brick red to deep terracotta. Luster: Dull to vitreous or waxy. Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (cryptocrystalline). Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.91.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation of microcrystalline quartz or chalcedony in sedimentary environments, or as a replacement in hydrothermal processes. Its distinct red color comes from iron impurities (hematite) during the lithification process over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in lapidary work for cabochons, beads, and carvings. It is also used in decorative masonry, as an ornamental stone in architecture, and is highly popular in the metaphysical and rock-collecting communities.
Geological facts
In antiquity, red jasper was known as the 'eye of the gods' and was worn by Egyptian priests for protection. It is a variety of chalcedony that is opaque, unlike agate which is translucent.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque deep red color, smooth waxy texture when wet, and lack of transparency. Common locations include South Africa, Brazil, India, and the southwestern United States (especially Arizona and Utah). Collectors look for uniform color and the absence of large cracks.
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