sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed via the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in riverbeds, deltas, or deserts. Can range in age from Precambrian to recent formations.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for flagstone, building cladding, and as an abrasive in industry. Finely textured pieces are popular in landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone records fossilized environmental conditions, such as ripple marks from ancient water or cross-bedding from ancient dunes. It makes up roughly 20 to 25% of all sedimentary rocks.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel. Small grains should be visible to the naked eye. Often found in layered outcrops or as water-rounded stones in riverbeds.
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