sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: tan, yellow, or buff; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal structure: granular clastic texture; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: approx 2.0-2.6

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: tan, yellow, or buff
Luster: dull/earthy

Identified April 5, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: tan, yellow, or buff; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal structure: granular clastic texture; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: approx 2.0-2.6

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or marine environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction as a building material, for paving stones, grindstones, and as a reservoir rock for petroleum and water.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of the Earth's sedimentary rocks. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon and the red rocks of Sedona are primarily composed of sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, abrasive texture (like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. It is extremely common in sedimentary basins worldwide.