sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (often composed of Quartz, SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Typically deposited in desert, river, or coastal environments over millions of years (various geological ages from Precambrian to recent).
Uses & applications
Widely used as a construction material (building stone), as an abrasive (grindstones), and as a reservoir rock for oil, gas, and groundwater.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10-25% of the sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon exhibit massive layers of various sandstones.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid regions. Collectors look for unique banding (like 'Wonderstone') or fossils embedded within.
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