sedimentary
Jasper (specifically Red or Brecciated Jasper variant)
Jasper (Microcrystalline Quartz - SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Red, orange, creamy white/tan with veined patterns; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Red, orange, creamy white/tan with veined patterns
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Red, orange, creamy white/tan with veined patterns; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica from water-rich hydrothermal solutions or within volcanic and sedimentary rock. Its red color is derived from iron (hematite) inclusions. It forms in varied geological ages, often in Precambrian to Tertiary formations.
Uses & applications
Predominantly used as a decorative gemstone, in jewelry (beads, cabochons, carvings), and as an ornamental stone in interior design.
Geological facts
Jasper has been a popular gemstone since antiquity, mentioned in numerous historical texts including the Bible. The 'Brecciated' variety features fragmented patterns caused by tectonic shifting where the stone broke and was later healed by clear quartz or chalcedony.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opacity (unlike translucent carnelian), lack of cleavage, and smooth waxy feel when polished. Commonly found in Western Australia, Brazil, Egypt, and several US states like Oregon and Idaho. Collectors look for unique banding or 'picture' patterns.
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