sedimentary

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs), Color: Multicolored (red, brown, grey, cream), Luster: Vitreous to dull, Crystal Structure: Trigonal (Microcrystalline), Cleavage: None (Conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.9

Hardness: 6

Identified June 10, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the deposition of silica from water solutions or volcanic ash, often containing iron oxides or organic materials that create the banding and colors. Usually Precambrian to Cenozoic in age.

Uses & applications

Primarily used for lapidary work including jewelry, beads, ornamental carvings, and collectible specimens due to its ability to take a high polish.

Geological facts

There are dozens of varieties of Jasper named for their appearance, such as Picture Jasper, Poppy Jasper, and Leopard Skin Jasper. It was a favorite gemstone in the ancient world, referenced in many historical texts.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hardness (cannot be scratched by a knife), waxy feel when polished, and opaque nature. Commonly found in river beds and sedimentary deposits worldwide, including the Western USA and India.