sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (Fe2O3 enriched)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Brown, tan, or reddish-brown due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; SG: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs)
Color: Brown, tan, or reddish-brown due to iron oxide
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 4, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Brown, tan, or reddish-brown due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; SG: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) in various environments like deserts, river beds, or beaches. Geological ages vary from Precambrian to Cenozoic.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in construction for building stone, paving, and road aggregate. Finely ground sandstone is sometimes used in glassmaking if silica content is high.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations in Sedona, Arizona and the Grand Canyon are primarily composed of ferruginous sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. It can be found globally in outcrop formations and sedimentary basins. Collectors value specimens with unique weathering patterns or fossil inclusions.