sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (governed by quartz grains); Color: Tan, beige, or yellowish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular texture with visible sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2–2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (governed by quartz grains)
Color: Tan, beige, or yellowish-brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 14, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, cemented together by silica, calcium carbonate, or iron oxide. Typically found in ancient desert, river, or ocean environments.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, paving stone, and in the production of glass (if high silica content). Also used for grindstones and decorative masonry.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth and accounts for about 20 percent of all sedimentary rocks. It often preserves fossils and ripple marks from ancient water bodies.

Field identification & locations

Identifiable by its gritty sandpaper-like feel and visible grainy texture. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins, canyons, and coastal bluffs. For collectors, look for cross-bedding layers or fossil inclusions.