Sandstone

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, gray, yellow; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the accumulation of sand-sized grains, primarily quartz and feldspar, deposited by water, ice, or wind. These deposits are compacted and cemented over millions of years (lithification).

Uses & Applications

Widely used in construction for building stone, pavers, and decorative facades. Also used in the glass industry and for grinding tools.

Geological Facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of Earth's sedimentary rocks. It is a major reservoir for groundwater, oil, and natural gas due to its porosity.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its 'sandpaper' texture and visible layering (bedding). Commonly found in desert environments, river basins, and coastal regions.

Identified on: 4/26/2026

Mode: Standard