sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan/brown/yellow, Luster: Dull/earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains), Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Identified June 16, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan/brown/yellow, Luster: Dull/earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains), Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in river beds, deserts, or coastal environments. Generally takes millions of years to lithify from loose sand into solid rock.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a building material, in paving, for landscaping, and in glass manufacturing (if high silica content). Historically significant for cathedrals and monuments.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-25% of all sedimentary rocks. It often contains fossils and can act as a natural aquifer for groundwater or a reservoir for oil and gas.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. Found globally in basins and mountainous regions. Collectors look for unique banding patterns (wonderstone) or fossils.