sedimentary
Sandstone (with potential trace fossils)
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, brown, or buff with iron oxide staining, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic texture, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, brown, or buff with iron oxide staining, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic texture, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (clasts). Typically formed in river beds, beaches, or deserts; ages range from Precambrian to Recent.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, road base, abrasive for polishing, and as an aquifer for groundwater or a reservoir for petroleum.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for approximately 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The specimen shows 'bioturbation' marks, which are the preserved tracks or burrows of ancient organisms that lived in the sediment.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Found worldwide in sedimentary basins. Collectors should look for unique weathering patterns or fossilized inclusions.
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