sedimentary
Sandstone with Lichen
Arenite (SiO2 based) with biological weathering
Hardness: 6-7 (quartz grains); Color: tan, grey, or brown, often obscured by green/white lichen; Luster: dull to earthy; Structure: clastic/granular; Cleavage: none; SG: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (quartz grains)
- Color
- tan, grey, or brown, often obscured by green/white lichen
- Luster
- dull to earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (quartz grains); Color: tan, grey, or brown, often obscured by green/white lichen; Luster: dull to earthy; Structure: clastic/granular; Cleavage: none; SG: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years in marine or terrestrial environments. The surface shows biological weathering by lichen.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as building stone, flagstone, and for decorative landscaping. Ground sandstone provides silica for glass manufacturing.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks. The organisms growing on it (lichen) actually help break down the rock into soil through chemical and physical processes.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sand-like texture when rubbed. Look for layered bedding planes. Common in desert environments and ancient riverbeds.
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