sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically tan, brown, yellow, or grey; Luster: matte/earthy; Crystal structure: granular/clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- typically tan, brown, yellow, or grey
- Luster
- matte/earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically tan, brown, yellow, or grey; Luster: matte/earthy; Crystal structure: granular/clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains of mineral, rock, or organic material. Often formed in deserts, riverbeds, and beaches over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for building stone, pavers, and retaining walls. Also used as a primary source for silica glass manufacturing and as filter media.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landscapes like 'The Wave' in Arizona and the city of Petra are carved from sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Look for a gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible layers (bedding). It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and eroded riverbeds worldwide.
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