sedimentary
Anthracite Coal
Anthracite
Mohs scale: 2-2.5, Black or dark gray, Sub-metallic to vitreous (glassy) luster, Amorphous structure, Conchoidal fracture, Specific gravity: 1.3-1.4
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Physical properties
Mohs scale: 2-2.5, Black or dark gray, Sub-metallic to vitreous (glassy) luster, Amorphous structure, Conchoidal fracture, Specific gravity: 1.3-1.4
Formation & geological history
Formed through intense heat and pressure over millions of years from decaying plant material in swamp environments; often categorized as a metamorphic coal due to high carbon content.
Uses & applications
Historically used for residential heating and steam generation; currently used in industrial smelting, water filtration, and as a collector's specimen.
Geological facts
Anthracite has the highest carbon content of all coal types (86% to 97%) and contains the fewest impurities, meaning it burns with a clean, blue flame.
Field identification & locations
Identifiable by its deep black color, lack of soot when touched, and shiny, glass-like fracture surfaces. Found primarily in Pennsylvania (USA), parts of China, and South Wales.
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