sedimentary
Sandstone (likely Quartz Sandstone)
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan, brown, or buff, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Clastic (grainy texture), Cleavage: None (breaks across grains), Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan, brown, or buff, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Clastic (grainy texture), Cleavage: None (breaks across grains), Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (lithification) over millions of years in environments like beaches, deserts, or riverbeds.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in the construction industry as a building material, for paving, and in the manufacturing of glass and grindstones.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for approximately 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is porous and often acts as a significant reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Often displays bedding planes (layers). It is found globally, notably in the Southwestern United States and Northern England.
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