sedimentary
Bauxite (Laterite)
Hydrated aluminum oxides (Al2O3·nH2O)
Hardness: 1-3 (Mohs scale), Color: Reddish-brown to pink or tan, Luster: Dull or earthy, Structure: Pisolitic (pea-like) or massive, Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.5
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Physical properties
Hardness: 1-3 (Mohs scale), Color: Reddish-brown to pink or tan, Luster: Dull or earthy, Structure: Pisolitic (pea-like) or massive, Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.5
Formation & geological history
Formed from the chemical weathering of rocks in tropical or subtropical climates with high rainfall, where silica is leached out and aluminum oxides remain. Primarily formed during the Cenozoic era.
Uses & applications
The primary ore of aluminum used in industrial manufacturing, aerospace, construction, and transportation. Also used in abrasives and chemicals.
Geological facts
Bauxite is not technically a mineral but a rock composed of minerals like gibbsite, boehmite, and diaspore. It was named after the village Les Baux in Southern France.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic reddish-brown color and pea-shaped (pisolitic) structures. Commonly found in Australia, Guinea, Brazil, and Jamaica. Collectors look for unique textures and high aluminum content.
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