sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Mohs hardness: 6-7; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 11, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness: 6-7; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Created from the accumulation of sand-sized grains (mostly quartz or feldspar) deposited in deserts, riverbeds, or beaches, then compacted and cemented together over millions of years by minerals like silica or calcite.

Uses & applications

Widely used as an architectural building stone, in glass manufacturing, for paving, and as an abrasive in grinding wheels.

Geological facts

Sandstone can preserve fossilized footprints and ripple marks from ancient river beds. It is often porous and serves as a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible layered bedding. It is commonly found in canyon lands, desert outcrops, and coastal cliffs.