sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Clastic Sedimentary Mineraloid (predominantly Quartz grains with Iron Oxide cement)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale) for grains; Color: reddish-brown to pink due to hematite; Luster: dull/earthy; Structure: granular/clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale) for grains
- Color
- reddish-brown to pink due to hematite
- Luster
- dull/earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale) for grains; Color: reddish-brown to pink due to hematite; Luster: dull/earthy; Structure: granular/clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains, typically in arid desert or river environments. The red color indicates oxidation during the lithification process, common in terrestrial 'Red Beds' ranging from the Cambrian to the Triassic periods.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a building material, decorative stone in landscaping, and crushed for road base or glass manufacturing. Historically prized for cathedrals and monuments.
Geological facts
Famous formations include the Red Rocks of Colorado and the Old Red Sandstone of the British Isles. It often preserves fossils of terrestrial animals and ripple marks from ancient waterways.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. It is found globally, with major deposits in the Southwestern US and Northern Europe. Collectors look for unique banding or weathering patterns.
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