sedimentary
Sandstone (Red/Brown Variety)
Arenite (SiO2 with iron oxide impurities)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (grains), color: reddish-brown to tan, luster: dull/earthy, crystal structure: granular (clastic), cleavage: none, specific gravity: 2.0-2.6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (grains), color: reddish-brown to tan, luster: dull/earthy, crystal structure: granular (clastic), cleavage: none, specific gravity: 2.0-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Typically deposited in desert, river, or coastal environments over millions of years (Phanerozoic eon).
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction as a building material, for paving stones, grindstones for sharpening blades, and in glass manufacturing if the quartz content is high.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The Antelope Canyon in Arizona is a famous example of sandstone erosion.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture. It is commonly found in basins or former coastal areas. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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