sedimentary
Red Jasper
Jasper (SiO2) with Hematite (Fe2O3) inclusions
Hardness: 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale; Color: typically deep brick-red to brownish red; Luster: vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: none (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58 to 2.91.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- typically deep brick-red to brownish red
- Luster
- vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale; Color: typically deep brick-red to brownish red; Luster: vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: none (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58 to 2.91.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the precipitation of silica from volcanic hydrothermal fluids or in sedimentary environments. Its red color is derived from iron inclusions (hematite). It is primarily found in Precambrian and Paleozoic rock formations.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a gemstone for jewelry (beads, cabochons), ornamental carvings, and in industrial applications for its hardness. It is also a popular specimen for rock tumbling and aesthetic collection.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used as a gemstone since antiquity; it was known in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia and is mentioned in the Bible. It is an opaque variety of chalcedony that can contain up to 20% foreign materials, which determine its color and patterns.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinctive red color, opacity (even when held to light), and smooth waxy feel when polished. Commonly found in India, Brazil, Madagascar, and the United States (specifically the Southwest). It cannot be scratched by a steel knife.
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