sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.2 to 2.8; Feel: Gritty like sandpaper.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content)
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified March 17, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.2 to 2.8; Feel: Gritty like sandpaper.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. It can form in various environments including deserts, river beds, and ocean basins over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction as a building material and decorative stone, as a source for glass manufacturing (silica sand), and as a reservoir rock for water and petroleum.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and makes up about 10-20% of the Earth's crustal rocks. It often preserves fossils and ripple marks from ancient water bodies.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by rubbing your finger across the surface; it should feel abrasive like sandpaper and may shed individual grains. It is found globally across all continents where ancient sedimentary basins exist.