sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 principal)

Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs for grain, but matrix varies; Color: Tan, beige, or yellowish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular, feels like sandpaper; Structure: Clastic

Hardness: 6
Color: Tan, beige, or yellowish-brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 17, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs for grain, but matrix varies; Color: Tan, beige, or yellowish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular, feels like sandpaper; Structure: Clastic

Formation & geological history

Formed via the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years (clastic sedimentation and lithification).

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction, road base materials, paving stones, and as an architectural decorative stone. Highly valued as a reservoir rock in the petroleum and groundwater industry due to its porosity.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and is found in almost every geological era. Famous formations like the Grand Canyon are primarily composed of various sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (sandpaper feel) and visible layering (bedding). It is found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for unique erosion patterns or fossil inclusions.