sedimentary
Red Jasper
Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2 with iron oxide impurities)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish red
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed from the deposition of silica from water (hydrothermal) or within sedimentary environments. The red color is caused by microscopic iron inclusions (hematite) dispersed within the quartz matrix. It can range from Precambrian to recent geological ages.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as decorative stone, gemstones in jewelry (cabochons, beads), and for ornamental carvings. Historically used for making tools and seals.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. It has been used as a gemstone for thousands of years; it was mentioned in the Bible and was highly prized in ancient civilizations from Rome to Egypt.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opacity (it does not transmit light even at thin edges), smooth conchoidal fracture, and inability to be scratched by a steel knife. It is common in areas with volcanic activity or ancient seabed deposits worldwide.
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