sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite with Hematite (Fe2O3) cement
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, reddish-brown, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (clastic); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Red, reddish-brown, or orange
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, reddish-brown, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (clastic); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains of quartz or feldspar. The red color indicates formation in an oxygen-rich environment (arid or desert) where iron minerals oxidize (rust).
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a dimension stone for construction, paving, decorative architecture, and occasionally in glass manufacturing if the quartz content is high.
Geological facts
Famous red sandstone formations include the Antelope Canyon in Arizona and the 'Old Red Sandstone' of the North Atlantic region, which records the collision of continents hundreds of millions of years ago.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and its tendency to rub off red dust. Common in arid basins and coastal environments. Check for visible bedding or layers.
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