sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
Mohs hardness: 6-7; Color: Tan, brown, yellow, red, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7
- Color
- Tan, brown, yellow, red, grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness: 6-7; Color: Tan, brown, yellow, red, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Over millions of years, pressure and mineral cements (like silica or calcium carbonate) lithify the layers into solid rock.
Uses & applications
Used extensively as a building material, in the manufacture of glass (if high silica), and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve ancient environmental records such as ripple marks from ancient riverbeds or dunes. It is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Often displays bedding layers. Found in desert basins, river deltas, and coastal areas.
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