sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, brown, or buff, Luster: dull to earthy, Crystal structure: clastic (sand grains), Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, brown, or buff, Luster: dull to earthy, Crystal structure: clastic (sand grains), Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through the process of lithification under water or in desert environments.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for building stone, ornamental work, and as a source of silica for glass manufacturing.
Geological facts
Sandstone is highly porous and acts as a primary aquifer for groundwater and a reservoir for petroleum and natural gas.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty, sand-like texture and visible grains. Often found in riverbeds, beaches, and desert regions globally.
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