sedimentary
Travertine (Tufa)
Chemical Sedimentary Rock (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, or white; Luster: Dull to earthy; Structure: Highly porous, vuggy, or fibrous; Composition: Primarily calcite or aragonite.
- Hardness
- 3-4 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, beige, or white
- Luster
- Dull to earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, or white; Luster: Dull to earthy; Structure: Highly porous, vuggy, or fibrous; Composition: Primarily calcite or aragonite.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the rapid precipitation of calcium carbonate from mineral springs, particularly hot springs, or in caves. The porous texture often results from the presence of organic material like moss or algae during deposition.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as tiles, paving stones, and wall cladding. In landscaping, the porous 'tufa' variety is prized for rock gardens and as a medium for growing alpines.
Geological facts
The Roman Colosseum is the largest building in the world constructed primarily of travertine. Its name comes from the Latin 'lapis tiburtinus', meaning stone from Tibur (modern Tivoli, Italy).
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its sponge-like or cellular texture and lightweight feel compared to solid limestone. It will effervesce (fizz) vigorously when exposed to dilute hydrochloric acid.
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