sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-orange due to iron oxides; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular texture); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-orange due to iron oxides
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified April 12, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-orange due to iron oxides; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular texture); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (lithification). It develops in high-energy environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches where sand is deposited.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction as a building stone, decorative landscaping, and as a source of silica for glass manufacturing.

Geological facts

Sandstone records the history of Earth's surface environments; the layers can reveal the direction of ancient winds or water currents through cross-bedding features.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Often found in dramatic outcrops or as smooth river pebbles. Common globally in sedimentary basins.