sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartzose Sandstone Pebble)
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, brown, and yellowish-grey; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Granular clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2–2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Tan, brown, and yellowish-grey
- Luster
- Dull to earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, brown, and yellowish-grey; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Granular clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2–2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. This specific rounded shape indicates long-term transport in high-energy water environments like riverbeds or coastal zones.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction as aggregate, in glass manufacturing if pure quartz, and as a decorative stone in landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone can be found in almost every geological age, from the Precambrian to the Holocene. It often preserves fossils and ripple marks from ancient environments.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible rounded grains. Large deposits are found in the American Southwest and worldwide river basins. Common for riverbed collectors.
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