igneous

Granite

Granite (Mainly Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Phaneritic texture with flecks of white, gray, and pink; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Coarse-grained granular crystal matrix; Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Phaneritic texture with flecks of white, gray, and pink
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified April 7, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a coarse-grained intrusive rock that typically forms at great depths within the continental crust over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and resistance to weathering.

Geological facts

Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's surface and makes up a large portion of the continental crust. It is primarily composed of quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of mica, amphiboles, and other minerals.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and coarse-grained visible crystals that are tightly interlocked. It does not scratch easily with steel. It is found in large plutons or massifs in mountain ranges.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous