igneous

Granite

Granite (Alkali-feldspar, Quartz, and Plagioclase)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically mottled pink, gray, or white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained), Granular; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: typically mottled pink, gray, or white
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified May 15, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically mottled pink, gray, or white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained), Granular; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). Typical age can range from billions of years (Archean Eon) to more recent tectonic mountain-building events.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.

Geological facts

Granite makes up the majority of the continental crust. The name comes from the Latin 'granum', meaning a grain, in reference to its coarse-grained structure.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' crystalline appearance and extreme hardness (will scratch glass). Commonly found in continental mountain ranges and shields like the Canadian Shield or the Appalachians.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous

Magnetite

Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)

mineral

Sodalite

Sodalite - Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2

mineral

Blue Apatite

Apatite (Group), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

mineral

Magnetite

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

mineral