Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, tan, reddish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2 - 2.8

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Often formed in deserts, riverbeds, or coastal environments over millions of years.

Uses & Applications

Used primarily as a building material, road base, or in glass manufacturing. Common in landscaping and historical architecture.

Geological Facts

Sandstone accounts for roughly 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth and is a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its 'sandpaper' texture and visible grains. Often displays bedding layers. Commonly found in canyons, beaches, and sedimentary basins.

Identified on: 4/26/2026

Mode: Standard