sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale for individual grains); Color: Tan, buff, or brownish-yellow; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale for individual grains)
Color: Tan, buff, or brownish-yellow
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified April 12, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale for individual grains); Color: Tan, buff, or brownish-yellow; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years (often Paleozoic to Mesozoic era).

Uses & applications

Widely used as a building material, for paving, in the manufacture of glass (if high purity quartz), and as an abrasive.

Geological facts

Sandstone accounts for approximately 20 to 25 percent of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rocks of the Grand Canyon are primarily composed of various sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its 'sandpaper' texture and visible granular structure. It is common globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors should look for unique cross-bedding patterns or color banding (liesegang rings).