sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or earthy green; Luster: Dull to earthy; Structure: Clastic (grainy) texture with no visible crystal faces; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, brown, or earthy green
Luster: Dull to earthy

Identified March 14, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or earthy green; Luster: Dull to earthy; Structure: Clastic (grainy) texture with no visible crystal faces; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains of mineral or rock. The grains are typically quartz or feldspar. It can range in geological age from Precambrian to Quaternary, found in river beds, beaches, or desert environments.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction as a building material, grit for abrasives (whetstones), and occasionally for decorative landscaping or aquarium decor.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of the Earth's sedimentary rocks. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon or the 'Red Rocks' of Sedona are primarily sandstone formations. It is also an important reservoir for groundwater and oil.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. It is extremely common worldwide. Collectors look for unique weathering patterns or 'concretion' shapes. It will not fizz in vinegar (unlike limestone).