sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None/Irregular fracture; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 4, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None/Irregular fracture; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) in marine, river, or desert environments. Often dates from any geological era showing sedimentation cycles.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, in the manufacturing of glass (if high quartz content), for grindstones, and in paving and landscape design.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations in Sedona, Arizona and the Grand Canyon are primarily composed of various sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. Found globally in river beds, beaches, and desert outcrops. Great for beginner collectors to study bedding layers.