sedimentary
Picture Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, ochre, and black; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Tan, brown, ochre, and black
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, ochre, and black; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed as silicious mud or volcanic ash solidified. The scenic patterns are created by fossilized mudflows or dendritic mineral growth (iron or manganese) over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry making for cabochons, beads, and decorative carvings; also a popular specimen for rock collectors and lapidary hobbyists.
Geological facts
Picture jasper is often called 'landscapes in stone' because its patterns can resemble hills, valleys, and forests. It is a variety of Opaque Chalcedony.
Field identification & locations
Look for distinctive tan and brown earthen banding and high hardness (it cannot be scratched by a steel knife). Commonly found in the Western United States, particularly Oregon and Idaho.
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