sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs), Color: tan, yellow, or pinkish-brown, Luster: dull to earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Identified June 23, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs), Color: tan, yellow, or pinkish-brown, Luster: dull to earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in deserts, river beds, or beaches. It represents years of lithification under pressure.

Uses & applications

Used widely in construction for building stone, paving, and as an abrasive. It is also a key reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon and Petra are sculpted from diverse layers of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid regions worldwide.