sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grain-based); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified February 16, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grain-based); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Typically formed in river beds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used extensively as a building material, paving stone, and in the production of glass (if high silica). Frequently used for decorative garden accents and historical monuments.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Treasury at Petra and the Red Rocks Amphitheatre are carved from or composed of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sand-like texture; it feels like sandpaper to the touch. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid regions worldwide. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.